Tags: memorial (14 pics) The Lincoln Memorial is an American memorial built to honor the 16th President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln. It is located on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. and was dedicated on May 30, 1922 (90 years ago). The architect was Henry Bacon, the sculptor of the main statue (Abraham Lincoln, 1920 (92 years ago)) was Daniel Chester French, and the painter of the interior murals was Jules Guerin. It is one of several monuments built to honor an American president. The building is in the form of a Greek Doric temple and contains a large seated sculpture of Abraham Lincoln and inscriptions of two well-known speeches by Lincoln. The memorial has been the site of many famous speeches, including Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech, delivered on Aug. 28, 1963 (49 years ago) during the rally at the end of the Mar. on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. Like other monuments on the National Mall – including the nearby Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Korean War Veterans Memorial, and National World War II Memorial – the memorial is administered by the National Park Service under its National Mall and Memorial Parks group. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since Oct. 15, 1966 (46 years ago). It is open to the public 24 hours a day. In 2007 (5 years ago), it was ranked seventh on the List of America's Favorite Architecture by the American Institute of Architects. Design and construction The Lincoln Monument Association was incorporated by the United States Congress in Mar. 1867 (145 years ago) to build a memorial to Lincoln. A site was not chosen until 1902 (110 years ago), in an area that was at that time a swampland. Congress formally authorized the memorial on Feb. 9, 1911 (101 years ago), and the first stone was put into place on Lincoln's birthhday, Feb. 12, 1914 (98 years ago). The monument was dedicated by former President and Chief Justice William Howard Taft on May 30, 1922 (90 years ago), a ceremony attended by Lincoln's only surviving child, Robert Todd Lincoln. The stone for the building is Indiana limestone and Yule marble, quarried at the town of Marble, Colorado. The Lincoln sculpture within is made of Georgian marble, quarried at the town of Tate, Georgia. In 1923 (89 years ago), designer Henry Bacon received the Gold Medal of the American Institute of Architects, his profession's highest honor, for the design of the memorial. Originally under the care of the Office of Public Buildings and Public Parks, it was transferred to the National Park Service on Aug. 10, 1933 (79 years ago). Standing apart from the somewhat triumphal and Roman manner of most of Washington, the memorial takes the severe form of a Greek Doric temple. It is "peripteral," with 36 massive columns, each 37 feet (10 m) high, surrounding the cella of the building itself, which rises above the porticos. As an afterthought, the 36 columns required for the design were interpreted as representing the 25 U.S. states at the time of Lincoln's death, as well as the 11 seceded Confederate states, and their names were inscribed in the entablature above each column in the order that each state had joined the Union (along with the year of their joining in Roman numerals). The names of the remaining 22 states that had joined the Union when the memorial was completed are carved on the exterior attic walls in the same manner. A plaque in front of the monument commemorates the admission of Alaska and Hawaii in 1959 (53 years ago).

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