Tags: military (36 pics), weapon (22 pics) The Mark 45 anti-submarine torpedo (aka ASTOR) was a weapon of the United States Navy designed for submarine launch against high-speed, deep-diving enemy submarines. This electrically-propelled 19-inch (48-cm) torpedo was 227 inches (5.76 m) long and weighed 2,400 pounds (1,100 kg). The torpedo could be configured for straight running against surface targets or wire-guidance against submarines. The torpedo had a range of 5 to 8 miles. The nuclear warhead used in ASTOR had an explosive yield of 11 kilotons. Development of ASTOR was completed in 1960 (52 years ago) and it entered service in 1963 (49 years ago). The requirements of positive control of nuclear warheads meant that the weapon could only be detonated by a deliberate signal sent over the control wire linking the torpedo to the launching submarine. Given the requirement for the wire link, the torpedo could use a relatively primitive design: the weapon had no homing capability; all guidance and target tracking was provided by the launching submarine. In 1976 (36 years ago), the Mark 48 torpedo had proven its capability, and the Mark 45 was withdrawn from service. When the Mark 45 torpedo was replaced in United States service, the torpedo bodies were fitted with conventional warheads and wake homing guidance for distribution to foreign navies as the Mark 45 Mod 1 Freedom Torpedo.

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